Autism spectrum disorders manifest themselves in a range of conditions characterized by a certain disruption in social behavior, communication and verbal abilities and a narrowing of interests and activities that are both specific to the individual and are often repeated.

Autism spectrum disorders begin in childhood,but persist in adolescence and adulthood. In most cases, these conditions manifest themselves in the first 5 years of life. Currently, these conditions are classified as a category of pervasive developmental disorders within the broader category of mental and behavioral disorders identified in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health Problems (10th issue). 

Autism spectrum disorders are a collective term covering violations such as children’s autism, atypical autism and Asperger’s syndrome. The intellectual level varies enormously: from severe damage to high cognitive abilities. RAS is often accompanied by other disorders, including epilepsy, depression, anxiety and hyperactive attention deficit disorder.

According to available scientific data, there are probably many factors that increase the likelihood of a child developing RAS, including environmental factors and genetics. Available epidemiological data unequivocally indicate the absence of a causal link between autism spectrum disorders and the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella. It was found that previous studies pointing to the existence of such a causal relationship had methodological flaws.

Similarly, there is no evidence that any childhood vaccine may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorders. In contrast, reviews of evidence for a potential link between the thiomersal preservative and aluminum adjuvants in the inactivated vaccine and the risk of autism spectrum disorders strongly suggest that there is no risk.

Basic facts

• 1 out of 160 children suffer from autism spectrum disorder (RAS).
• Autistic spectrum disorders begin in childhood, but tend to persist in adolescence and adulthood.
• Although some individuals with RAS are able to live independently and productively, others suffer severe disabilities and need lifelong care and support.
• With the help of such psychosocial activities, based on evidence, how behavioral therapy can ease the difficulties in communication and social behavior, which positively affects the well-being and quality of life.
• Measures to help people with RAS should be accompanied by broader activities to make the physical and social environment and relationships more accessible, inclusive and supportive.
• Throughout the world, individuals with RAS are often subject to stigma, discrimination and human rights violations, and their access to services and support is inadequate.